Glutathione is the most abundant intracellular antioxidant, present at 110 millimolar concentrations far exceeding vitamin C or E levels in cells
It has been found that hepatoprotective and gastroprotective effects of ascorbate are mainly based on the activation of GSH-Px and GSSG-R [61,62], while in the case of UV-irradiated skin cells, ascorbic acid leads to GSH-Px and GSSG-R down-regulation with a simultaneous increase in the GSH level [33,34]
When food sits in the colon, it rots and putrefies and releases toxins into the bloodstream that make their way to the liver
Notably, serious adverse effects (SAE) in clinical trials may result from dysfunctions of tissues that are highly dependent on IGF-1R signaling for their physiological functions, including muscle, adipose, and bone tissues (46, 55)
Sivakumar T, Mechanic O, Fehmie DA, Paul B
whether the delivery format supports probiotic viability